The 2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery, was activated on 13 September 1972 in Germany. It was inactivated on 30 June 1983 in Germany. The unit was reactivated on 16 June 1987 at Fort Bliss, Texas and inactivated on 15 September 1994 at Fort Bliss, Texas. The unit was reactivated on 4 May 1996 at Fort Lewis, Washington.

D 2 1 ADA 32nd AADCOM

32nd Army Air & Missile Defense Command

In February 1951, the unit was reactivated at Mildenhall, England as the 32d Anti-Aircraft Brigade to defend U.S. Air Force bases from air attack. In June 1957, the brigade deployed from England to Kaiserslautern, Federal Republic of Germany. The following year it was re-designated Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 32d Artillery Brigade. The unit was initially equipped with 75mm and 90mm anti-aircraft guns but acquired the Nike Hercules Missile System in 1960 and the Hawk Missile System in 1961. In May 1961, the 32d was re-designated as the 32d Army Air Defense Command. Subordinate to the 32d AADCOM were the 10th, 69th, 94th and 108th ADA brigades, making it the largest air defense unit in the U.S. Army. As part of USAREUR and Seventh U.S. Army, it maintained a constant watch over West Germany in support of NATO. In November 1975, Headquarters Battery, 32d AADCOM moved from Kapaun Barracks in Kaiserslautern to Cambrai-Fritsch Kaserne in Darmstadt, Germany. In 1985, the Army formulated the Air-Land Battle Doctrine to prepare for what seemed to be and inevitable clash with the Warsaw Pact forces. At that time, the 32d AADCOM Commander, MG Victor J. Hugo, stated "The end result of all these doctrinal and hardware improvements (Patriot and Hawk modifications), will be a Theater Army Air Defense Command that is leaner, prouder, more skilled and more capable to face the threat of 1990 and beyond." The 32d AADCOM's Cold War mission culminated with the fall of the Berlin Wall and the unit was inactivated on March 21, 1995 in Darmstadt, Germany. In August 1996, to meet the growing theater ballistic missile threat, the Chief of Staff of the Army directed the activation of a provisional command that became the foundation of the Army Air and Missile Defense Command and directed the AAMDC to forego the normal force development process and activate as a multi-component unit with both Regular Army and Army National Guard Soldiers. The provisional AAMDC was deployed on short notice to Southwest Asia in February 1998, in support of Operation Southern Watch/Desert Thunder.

The 32d Army Air and Missile Defense Command (AAMDC) is a one-of-a-kind theater level Army air and missile defense multi-component organization with a worldwide, 72-hour deployment mission. 32d AAMDC consists of four brigades, 11th Air Defense Artillery, 31st Air Defense Artillery, 69th Air Defense Artillery and 108th Air Defense Artillery; all stand ready to accomplish any mission - anywhere, anytime in support of the warfighting CINC. Recent contingency deployments to Southwest Asia and an intense exercise schedule in Korea exemplify the vital role and mission that the organization plays.

The 32nd Army Air Defense Com-

mand (AADCOM) will officially inac-

tivate on July 15, 1995. An Honors

Ceremony held March 2 1 in Darmstadt,

Germany, honored all of those soldiers

who so faithfully served 32nd

AADCOM throughout the years.

As the final commander of 32nd

AADCOM, I have mixed feelings as

the inactivation process evolves. My

pragmatic side realizes the Cold War

has been won and that the inactivation

of this headquarters signifies a victory

for all Americans. However, it was

with a great deal of emotion that we

formally marked the inactivation of the

unit during the Honors Ceremony. The

primary reason the ceremony was so

poignant was that a significant piece of

our branch - a piece of American mili-

tary history -was being retired. From

meager beginnings, the unit evolved

during the Cold War into a command

that represented the first line of defense

forNATO in the event ofan air attack by

the Warsaw Pact forces, and since the

fall of communism, evolved into a unit

that has prepared itself for any possible

contingency operation. It also repre-

sented the U.S. Army's only theater-

level air defense command.

The 32nd AADCOM was activated

for service in World War I, when it was

created as the 32nd Artillery Brigade,

Coast Artillery Corps. The command

has come a long way from those humble

beginnings to demonstrate its flex-

ibility in updating both weapon sys-

tems and tactics. The command mis-

sion expanded to include the mission

to defeat all types of airborne targets.

At the same time, 32nd AADCOM

grew from an element of NATO's "de-

The Seventh Army Deployment Plan

In August 1956 Seventh Army was instructed to prepare a sound, flexible operational plan for the six NIKE battalions to be received in FY 1958, based on the assumption that the tentatively selected sites would be approved. Individual plans were to be prepared for each defended area, integrating both NIKE and conventional antiaircraft artillery units.

In September 1956 Seventh Army submitted its deployment plan for the six battalions. In brief, it called for the stationing of one NIKE battalion headquarters in Worms with firing batteries located in Wackernheim, Dexheim, Worms, and Kriegsfeld. A second battalion headquarters would be in Pirmasens with the four firing batteries in the immediate vicinity. A third battalion headquarters would be at Baumholder with firing batteries in Zweibrucken, Baumholder, Kirchberg, and at the Hahn airbase. The entire fourth battalion would be in the vicinity of the Bitburg airbase. The fifth NIKE battalion would have its headquarters in Karlsruhe with firing batteries in Germersheim, Kleingartach, Grossachsenheim, and Pforzheim. The last battalion would have firing batteries in Darmstadt, Vielbrunn, Reisenbach, and Mosbach, with the battalion headquarters to be located in Mannheim.

The 94th ADA Group was the home of the Nike Hercules missile battalions in West Germany during the Cold War. All 94th Group Nike missile sites have been dismantled and abandoned. The 94th Coast Artillery Group was constituted 16 December 1940. It participated in the East Indies, New Guinea and Luzon Campaigns during World War II. The 94th was decorated with the Philippine Presidential Unit Citation streamer. It was reactivated 1 April 1960 as the 94th Air Defense Group in Kaiserslautern, West Germany under the 32nd Air Defense Command. The 94th Air Defense Artillery Group was renamed to the 94th Air Defense Brigade in 1982

After World War II, the Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 94^th Antiaircraft Artillery Group, was inactivated on 15 March 1947 in the Philippine Islands. On 01 April 1960, it was re designated in Kaiserslautern, Germany as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 94^th Artillery Group, as part of the 32^ndArmy Air Defense Command. The 94^th Air Defense Artillery Group was re-designated on 15 March 1972 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 94^th Air Defense Artillery Group.
The 94^th Air Defense Artillery Group was later re-designated on 16 July 1983 as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 94^th Air Defense Artillery Brigade.

During the Cold War period, the 94^th Artillery Group defended NATO with Nike Hercules, HAWK, PATRIOT, Chaparral and Vulcan Air Defense Systems inspiring the motto of ?First Line of Defense.? After the collapse of communism in Europe, the 94^th Air Defense Artillery Brigade continued to support European Command contingencies throughout the European Command Area of Operations.

94th ADA Group	Kleber Ksn, Kaiserslautern [1]
2nd Bn, 1st ADA	McCully Bks, Wackernheim [1] D 2 1 ADA	NIKE-H
5th Bn, 6th ADA	Neubrücke Hosp, Baumholder [1]	NIKE-H
2nd Bn, 56th ADA	Husterhoeh Ksn, Pirmasens [1]	NIKE-H
3rd Bn, 71st ADA	Wilkin Bks, Kornwestheim [1]	NIKE H

2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment

The unit was reconstituted on 21 June 1950 in the Regular Army as Battery B, 1st Coast Artillery. Concurrently it was redesignated as Battery B, 1st Antiaircraft Battalion. It was redesignated on 17 March 1955 as Battery B, 1st Antiaircraft Artillery Missile Battalion and activated on 15 April 1955 at Irwin, Pennsylvania. It was redesignated on 26 October 1956 as Battery B, 74th Antiaircraft Artillery Missile Battalion.

The unit was inactivated on 1 September 1958 at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was concurrently consolidated with Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment (active) (which had been first organized in 1901). The consolidated unit was designated as Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment, an element of the 4th Infantry Division, with its organic elements constituted and activated 1 April 1957. The 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment was inactivated on 1 October 1963 at Fort Lewis, Washington, and relieved from assignment to the 4th Infantry Division.

The unit was redesignated on 14 July 1966 as the 2nd Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment. It was activated on 25 August 1966 at Fort Sill, Oklahoma. It was redesignated (less former Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment) on 1 September 1971 as the 2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery Regiment, and inactivated at Fort Sill, Oklahoma (former Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 2nd Howitzer Battalion, 1st Artillery Regiment was concurrently reorganized and redesignated as the 2nd Battalion, 1st Field Artillery Regiment, which thereafter had a separate lineage).

2nd Battalion, 1st Air Defense Artillery, was activated on 13 September 1972 in Germany. It was inactivated on 30 June 1983 in Germany. The unit was reactivated on 16 June 1987 at Fort Bliss, Texas and inactivated on 15 September 1994 at Fort Bliss, Texas. The unit was reactivated on 4 May 1996 at Fort Lewis, Washington.

The 94th AAMDC is descended from the 94th Air Defense Artillery Brigade. It began as the 94th Artillery Group on 15 August 1969. It became the 94th Air Defense Artillery Group on 4 April 1972. On 3 June 1983, it was re-designated the 94th Air Defense Artillery Brigade. It is the 94th Army Air and Missile Defense Command since 16 October 2005.

94th ADA Group (NIKE-HERCULES) Battalion Operations Center sites....

(April 16 1962):

The 5/1 Artillery (N-H) BOC probably was collocated with the IFC closest to HHB -- A/5/1 near Wackernheim. Later named 2 1 ADA

2) The 4/6 Artillery (N-H) BOC was collocated with the D/4/6 IFC near Balesfeld (per Rolf's photos of that site).
3) The 5/6 Artillery (N-H) BOC was collocated with the C/5/6 IFC at Baumholder (per Rolf's photos of that site).
4) The 2/56 Artillery (N-H) BOC was collocated with Charlie's IFC on Hill 486 (now Grosser Mueckenkopf) south of Salzwoog.
5) The 1/67 Artillery (N-H) BOC was collocated with the C/1/67 IFC near Hardheim (per Rolf's photos of the site).
6) The 3/71 Artillery (N-H) BOC probably was collocated with the IFC closest to HHB -- A/3/71 (Kornwestheim).